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Medial pterygoid
Other Terms:
Medial pterygoid muscle,
Musculus pterygoideus medialis,
Muscle ptérygoïdien médial
Muscle parts
None
Latin name
Musculus pterygoideus medialis
Latin muscle parts
None
Group
Branchial arch muscle – first arch (Masticatory muscle)
Etymology
In English this muscle’s name translates as the wing-shaped muscle in the middle. The word pterygoideus comes from the Greek words pteryx meaning “wing” and eidos meaning ‘shape.” The muscle is actually not wing-shaped, but it attaches to the wing-like process of the sphenoid bone. The Latin term medialis is derived from the Latin medius meaning “middle.”
Origin
Medial surface of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process, pyramidal process of the palatine bone, and the maxillary tuberosity
Insertion
Posterior and inferior border of the mandibular ramus and angle from the mandibular foramen to the mylohyoid groove
Action
Elevates the mandible; produces side-to-side movements of the mandible; assists in protruding the mandible and rotating it.
Nerve supply
Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (Cranial nerve V)
Blood supply
Small muscular branches from the ascending palatine artery and tonsillar artery, both branches of the facial artery. Various branches of the maxillary artery supply blood to the muscle, these include the accessory meningeal artery, which can arise from the maxillary or its middle meningeal branch, and the pterygoid branches from the second part of the maxillary artery.
Latin
Musculus pterygoideus medialis
French
Muscle ptérygoïdien médial
